Colorectal cancer, a leading cause of mortality and morbidity in Ontario, can be prevented through early diagnosis and removal of precancerous polyps. Colon capsule endoscopy is a relatively new, minimally invasive test for detecting colorectal polyps. The objectives of this analysis were to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy and safety of colon capsule endoscopy for the detection of colorectal polyps among adult patients with signs or symptoms of colorectal cancer or with increased risk of colorectal cancer, and to compare colon capsule endoscopy with alternative procedures.